Diabetes distress and associated factors among adults with diabetes mellitus residing in a metropolitan city of India: a community-based study

Table 4 Prevalence of adequate selfcare and the association of selfcare with diabetes distress and its domains

Self-care and its domains as per Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire		Number (N = 412) (%)	cOR (CI)	p value	aOR**	CI	p value
Self-care	Inadequate	12 (2.9)	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Self-care	Adequate	400 (97.1)	2.81 (0.61–13.01)	0.186	3.45	0.58–20.50	0.174
Dietary control	Inadequate	22 (5.3)	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Dietary control	Adequate	390 (94.7)	1.19 (0.47–2.98)	0.716	1.10	0.40–2.99	0.854
Glucose management (401)*	Inadequate	37 (9.2)	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Glucose management (401)*	Adequate	364 (90.8)	2.56 (1.09–5.98)	0.030	2.28	0.88–5.94	0.091
Physical activity^¶ (326)	Inadequate	25 (7.7)	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Physical activity^¶ (326)	Adequate	301 (92.3)	1.90 (0.69–5.22)	0.212	1.35	0.46–3.97	0.582
Physician contact	Inadequate	92 (22.3)	1 (ref)		1 (ref)
Physician contact	Adequate	320 (77.7)	1.75 (1.04–2.93)	0.035	1.85	1.04–3.31	0.038

*Only includes those on medications or those advised to self-monitor their blood sugar
^¶ Excludes those unable to exercise
** Confounders adjusted for: glycemic control status, sex, SES, self-reported comorbidities, duration of DM, unmet need of support, knowledge

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