Table 1 Study participants baseline characteristics based on eGFR decliner and eGFR non-decliner status
From: Bone health in young adults with type 1 diabetes and progressive eGFR decline
Variable | Whole group | eGFR decliners | eGFR non-decliners | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 99 | 44 (44.4%) | 55 (55.6%) | |
Sex | ||||
M: N (%) | 45 (45%) | 32 (72.7%) | 13 (23.6%) | 1.85 x 10–6* |
F: N (%) | 54 (55%) | 12 (27.3%) | 42 (76.4%) | |
Ethnicity | ||||
Caucasian | 61 (62%) | 26 (59.1%) | 35 (63.6%) | 0.7 |
Non-Caucasian | 38 (38%) | 18 (40.9%) | 20 (36.4%) | |
Age at end of study (years) Mean (± SD) | 21.3 (± 2.11) | 20.4 (± 1.7) | 22 (± 2.1) | 2.6 x 10–5* |
Age of T1D Diagnosis (years) Mean (± SD) | 7.5 (± 3.5) | 6.5 (± 3.5) | 8.3 (± 3.3) | 0.006* |
Duration of Diabetes (years) Median (Q1,Q3) | 13.71 (11.8, 16.0) | 13.2 (11.8, 17.2) | 13 (11.8,15.1) | 0.8 |
eGFR slope ml/min/1.73m2/year Median (Q1,Q3) | -2.8 (-4.7, -0.7) | -4.9 (-6.2, -4.0) | -0.7 (-2.3, -0.08) | < 2.2 x 10–16* |
Baseline Hyperfiltration (eGFR ≥ 135 ml/min/1.73m2) N (%) | 7 (7%) | 2 (4.5%) | 5 (9%) | 0.5 |
Height (cm) Mean (± SD) | 169.1 (± 14.2) | 171.7 (± 19.0) | 167.1 (± 8.2) | 0.9 |
BMI (kg/m2) Mean (± SD) | 25.7 (± 5.5) | 25.05 (± 5.2) | 26.2 (± 5.7) | 0.1 |
Final HbA1c(%) Mean (± SD) | 8.06 (± 1.3) | 8.0 (± 1.0) | 8.1 (± 1.5) | 0.2 |
Cumulative HbA1c(%) Mean (± SD) | 8.25 (± 0.95) | 8.2 (± 0.8) | 8.3 (± 1.1) | 0.3 |
25 hydroxy vitamin D (nmol/L) Median (Q1,Q3) | 54.7 (35.8, 75.2) | 57.2 (34.3, 77.2) | 53.9 (38.7, 73.4) | 0.7 |
Vitamin D Status N (%) | ||||
Deficient (< 50 nmol/L) | 44 (44%) | 20 (45.5%) | 24 (43.6%) | 0.9 |
Intermediate(50–74.9 nmol/L) | 29 (29%) | 12 (27.3%) | 17 (30.9%) | |
Sufficient (≥75 nmol/L) | 26 (26%) | 12 (27.3%) | 14 (25.5%) | |
PTH (pmol/L) Mean (± SD) | 6.47 (± 6.06) | 5.4 (± 1.8) | 7.3 (± 7.9) | 0.06 |
Calcium (mmol/L) Mean (± SD) | 2.4 (± 0.09) | 2.4 (± 0.09) | 2.4 (± 0.09) | 1.0 |
Phosphate (mmol/L) Mean (± SD) | 1.4 (± 0.2) | 1.4 (± 0.2) | 1.4 (± 0.2) | 0.5 |
Magnesium (mmol/L) Mean (± SD) | 0.8 (± 0.06) | 0.8 (± 0.05) | 0.7 (± 0.06) | 0.9 |
Fracture History | ||||
Yes – N (%) | 30 (30%) | 12 (27%) | 18 (33%) | 0.8 |
No – N (%) | 49 (49%) | 22 (50%) | 27 (49%) | |
Unknown – N (%) | 20 (20%) | 10 (23%) | 10 (18%) | |
Number of Fractures | ||||
Mean (± SD) | 0.43 (± 0.8) | 0.43 (± 0.8) | 0.4 (± 0.8) | 0.5 |
Range | 0-4 | 0 - 3 | 0-4 | |
Insulin Regimen | ||||
Injection N (%) | 37 (37%) | 16 (36.4%) | 21 (38.2%) | 1 |
Pump N (%) | 62 (63%) | 28 (63.6%) | 34 (61.8%) | |
TDD (units/kg/day) Median (Q1,Q3) | 0.8 (0.6, 0.9) | 0.8 (0.7,0.9) | 0.8 (0.6, 1.0) | 0.6 |
Celiac Disease N (%) | 5 (5%) | 4 (9.1%) | 1 (1.8%) | 0.2 |
Hypothyroidism N (%) | 2 (2%) | 1 (2.3%) | 1 (1.8% | 1 |
Smoking N (%) | 4 (4%) | 3 (6.8%) | 1 (1.8%) | 0.3 |